閱讀技巧 (Reading Comprehension)

 

Exercise 332
Purpose: Increasing technical reading comprehension skills /加強技術閱讀技巧

 

 

An effective work/research proposal consists of the following elements:

ü       Setting of work proposal工作提案建構 你工作提案的主題是什麼? 你的讀者可以明瞭工作提案的內容嗎?  

ü       Work problem工作問題 : 你的工作提案裡有你試著要解決或是想更進一步瞭解的問題嗎?

ü          Quantitative specification of problem 問題的量化 : 你要如何量化問題來讓你的讀者明白之前文獻研究所遇到的量化限制 ?

ü       Importance of problem問題的中心 如果問題沒被解決或是充分瞭解, 這對工作提案的讀者會有多大的負面衝擊?

ü          Work objective工作目標 工作提案的目標 ?

ü       Methodology to achieve objective 達成目標的方法 你的計劃中達成目標的步驟?

ü          Anticipated results希望的結果 你希望達成的結果?

ü       Contribution to field領域的貢獻: 你的提案對相關工作領域的貢獻?

 

Read the following work proposal from Writing Effective Work Proposals by Ted Knoy for an information management-related (資訊管理相關分類) project:

 

Geographic-based information is increasingly used in daily living.

[                              ( xii )                              ]

There is always the need to know, “Where am I going to?” and,

[                         ( xx )

“How do I get there?” in cases such as visiting a friend, going

 

somewhere for business, sightseeing, making holiday plans, and

 

so on. The required geographic information may be as simple an

 

address, or as complicated as the complete path and estimation

 

of time. Many kinds of geographical information are needed for

        ]

various purposes. Additionally, many convenient applications

 

that provide such information on PDAs are available in the

 

market today, with an increasing number of consumers using

 

these applications. However, the passive mode of accessing

                    [                 ( x )

information fails to transmit effectively geographic-based

 

information to PDA users. Users cannot use the system all the

                           ] [       ( viii )

time, but some critical geographic-related information may

 

appear when users are busy on other tasks. In some cases, they

 

need to be informed immediately. If they have answers on time,

 

they may save time, resolve an emergency, or even avoid an

 

accident. Unfortunately, no system capable of actively paging

 

users exists. The inability of PDA users to receive updated

            ] [                (  iv  )

information in a timely manner will limit PDA use to within a

 

narrow range.  Such a limitation may discourage PDA use. Most

                                                             ] [

people will not buy such an expensive “notepad” when they don’t

               ( ii )

think its functions are useful . Only the evidently useful and

 

convenient functions may change people’s life styles and become

 

essential. The conventional GIS systems in PDAs are not so

 

advantageous as to be “killer applications”.

                                                       ]

 

Based on the above, we should design a GIS-based architecture

[       ( viii )

that supports an automatic reporting service through handheld

 

mobile devices. To do so, a GPS module can be used to obtain the

               ] [                    ( xvi )

coordinates of the PDA user. These coordinates can then be

 

transmitted to the back-end server through a wireless network

 

and used as the filter to query the database. Next, query

 

results can be sent back to the PDA, triggering an event to

 

inform the PDA user.  As anticipated, the GIS-based

                      ]  [           (  xviii )

architecture can automatically page PDA users through a

 

wireless network when desired local information becomes

 

available. Using the global positioning system (GPS) feature, the

 

system will periodically send the position of the use to the

 

server. The server will then check for any local news about

 

disasters or  roadblocks, and for advertisements. The results

 

will be sent back to the user’s machine and an event triggered to

 

remind the user.  The GIS-based architecture can allow PDA

                 ]  [    ( xxii )

users to access information with their geographic position's

 

functioning as a filter. This avoids sending too much junk

 

information to users. Limited by bandwidth and the speed of

 

wireless network, this study also offers strategies for data

 

storage that involve a robust multi-tier architecture. The large

 

amount of  geographic data is placed on the server, and only

 

required data are transferred to the client host through the

 

network.

         ]

Match the parts of a work proposal with the sentences in the above proposal.

 

1.  Methodology to achieve objective 達成目標的方法 in the above proposal can be found in

A.             xxii

B.              xvi 

C.              x

 

2.  An example of the setting of the work proposal工作提案建構 in the above proposal can be found in

A.             xii

B.              x

C.              xx 

 

3.  Setting of work proposal工作提案建構 in the above proposal can be found in

A.             xii 

B.              xxii

C.              xxviii

 

4.  Contribution to field領域的貢獻 in the above proposal can be found in

A.             iv

B.              xvi

C.              xxii 

 

5.  An example of the work problem工作問題 in the above proposal can be found in

A.             x

B.              viii 

C.              xii

 

6.  Work problem工作問題 in the above proposal can be found in

A.            

B.              xxii

C.              xviii

 

7.  Anticipated results希望的結果 in the above proposal can be found in

A.             xxii

B.              xviii

C.              xvi

 

8.                Importance of problem問題的中心 in the above proposal can be found in

A.             x

B.              viii

C.              iv 

 

9.              An example of the importance of the problem 問題的中心 in the above proposal can be found in

A.             ii 

B.              viii

C.              xxii

 

10.              Work objective工作目標 in the above proposal can be found in

A.             xxii

B.              viii 

C.              xxviii

 


Score =


 

 

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